Objective: to study the effect of use of topical mitomycin C (MMC) on the larynx. And whether there is any difference in the outcome if it was used in the larynx as compared to its use in the nose. Patients and method: This is a retrospective study of twelve patients with the diagnosis of laryngeal stenosis that were managed at king Abdulaziz University hospital between April 2002 and November 2006. All of the patients underwent microlaryngoscopy and laser dilatation of the stenosis, followed by topical applica- tion of MMC. Tli e outcome of the fust surgical intervention was evaluated and compared to the outcome of the first surgical intervention and use of MMC in choanal atresia (CA) cases according to our previously reported data. Results: Five (42%) out of 12 patients with laryngeal stenosis improved following the first microlaryn- goscopy, laser dilatation and application of MMC compared to 9 (69%) out of 13 patients who underwent endoscopic dilatation of CA and application of MMC. Conclusion: According to our data there was more benefit of the use of MMC in the cases of CA as compared to the larynx. However, the observed difference was not statistically significant.

We describe an unusual case of Wegener’s granulo- matosis, which initially caused fiilminant pharyngeal and laryngeal ulcerations , Hie patient was success- fully treated with prednisone and methotrexate , Wegener’s granulomatosis should be suspected when ulceration involve upper respiratory tracts.

Objectives: Foreign body inhalation and swallowing remains a major cause of pediatr ic emergency. This study reports the experience of an upper Egypt ORL department in a year in a population of about 500,000. Study Design: Pr ospective Study Methods:In the per iod from May 2002 to May 2003, 166 patients attended the ear, nose and throat depart- ment of Sohag University Hospital complaining of inhaled ( 34 patients ) or swallowed foreign bodies ( 132 patients ). Radiography, Rigid oesophagoscopy, bronchoscopy or both were performed for removal of swallowed or inhaled foreign bodies. Results: A variety of objects were swallowed by our patients, the majority being corns ( 98 = 74% ). A variety of objects were inhaled by our patients, the majority being sunflowers seeds ( 8 = 23.5% ). The site of inhaled foreign body was the trachea in 22 patients (65%), the right bronchus in 6 patients ( 18%), the left bronchus in 2 patients (6%) and glottic area in 2 patients (6%). The site of swallowed foreign body was the postcricoid and upper oesoplia- gus in 119 patients (90%), the middle oesophagus in 5 patients (4%) and lower oesophagus in 3 patients (2%). Conclusion: Any patient coming with a history of foreign body inhalation or swallowing should undergo endoscopic removal even if the radiographic evidence is negative and examination of chest is normal.

Objective: This study was conducted by reviewing the charts of all cases diagnosed as primary extrapul- monary tuberculosis in the otorhinolaryngology department of King Faliad Uneversity Hospital (KFUH) in Al-K110bar Saudi Arabia between January 2004 and January 2005, in order to emphasize the new different presentations of TB especially in our area.. Settings: Otolaryngology department. King Faliad Uneversity Hospital ,Al-K110bar, Saudi Arabia. Design: A retrospective analysis of the clinical notes of all patients treated for primary extrapulmonary TB in the head and neck in ENT department. The data collected was clinical presentation, bacteriology , radiology, treatment and outcome. Results: Over one year we have treated four patients for primary extrapulmonary TB in the otorhinolaryn- gology department. All four patients had negative history and radiology of pulmonary TB , each one liad totally different clinical pictures depending on the involved region e.g.: temporal bone ,parotid ,larynx and an unusual cervical lymph node. Only one patient had positive history of contact with TB patient which helped us to reach early diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgical procedure. Conclusion :Primary extrapulmonary TB should always be on the top list of the differential diagnosis of head and neck lesions with odd presentations especially in endemic areas.

We report a case of maxillary sinusitis caused by mucoraceous fungi in a twenty four year old female, who was apparently immunocompetent, hi addition to intravenous anti-fungal (Amphetricin B) therapy, the value of endoscopic sinus surgery in themanage- ment of this serious disease is reviewed.

We report a case of delayed recovery from general anaesthesia following tonsillectomy in a 17 years old female patient that was subsequently proved to have been caused by myasthenia gravis. Our search of online medical databases showed instances of myasthenia gravis discovered after general anaesthe- sia for various operations but we failed to find previous reports of this scenario following tonsillec- tomy which makes us believe this to be the first reported case of myasthenia gravis uncovered by general anaesthesia following tonsillectomy.